1.登录Wmare ESXI web，我们从 800G 扩充到 1500G
2.查看目前磁盘状态
df -h
fdisk -l
lsblk
3.开始扩容
fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 751.6 GB, 751619276800 bytes, 1468006400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000798a1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 616447 307200 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 616448 838860799 419122176 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3):
First sector (838860800-1468006399, default 838860800):
Using default value 838860800
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (838860800-1468006399, default 1468006399):
Using default value 1468006399
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 300 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
4.再次查看磁盘状态，可见新的sda3/4,表示为可用状态
fdisk -l
lsblk
5.用partprobe重新读取分区信息
partprobe /dev/sda3
ps:使用fdisk工具只是将分区信息写到磁盘,如果需要mkfs磁盘分区则需要重启系统,而使用partprobe则可以使kernel重新读取分区信息,从而避免重启系统.
6.创建物理卷及加入组
pvcreate /dev/sda3
vgextend centos /dev/sda3
7.扩容
lvresize -L +300G /dev/mapper/centos-root/目录
8.同步文件系统
xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
扩容磁盘后，执行：xfs_growfs / 刷新磁盘容量的时候， 提示：
xfs_growfs: / is not a mounted XFS filesystem
那么 可能是 文件系统格式对应的刷新命令不对：
特别注意的是：
resize2fs 命令 针对的是ext2、ext3、ext4文件系统
xfs_growfs 命令 针对的是xfs文件系统
9.报错
检查后得知，之前按照常规流程创建过LVM：/dev/centos/sda3，而没有卸载掉。然后根据提示执行vgreduce 完成移除后 顺利 完成 初始化
[root@windp-aio ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
Can't initialize physical volume "/dev/sda3" of volume group "centos" without -ff
/dev/sda3: physical volume not initialized.
[root@windp-aio ~]# pv
pvchange pvck pvcreate pvdisplay pvmove pvremove pvresize pvs pvscan
[root@windp-aio ~]# pvremove /dev/sda3
PV /dev/sda3 is used by VG centos so please use vgreduce first.
(If you are certain you need pvremove, then confirm by using --force twice.)
/dev/sda3: physical volume label not removed.
[root@windp-aio ~]# vgreduce centos /dev/sda3
Removed "/dev/sda3" from volume group "centos"